Njengoba ukwanda kwentuthuko yedolobha kanye nokwanda kwezimoto eShayina, ukuminyana kwezimoto sekuvele kakhulu futhi sekungenye yezithiyo ezinkulu ezivimbela intuthuko yedolobha. Ukubonakala kwezibani zezimpawu zomgwaqo kwenza izimoto zilawulwe ngempumelelo, okunemiphumela esobala ekuguguleni ukuhamba kwezimoto, ukuthuthukisa umthamo womgwaqo kanye nokunciphisa izingozi zomgwaqo. Isibani sezimpawu zomgwaqo ngokuvamile sakhiwe ngokukhanya okubomvu (okusho ukuthi akukho ukudlula), ukukhanya okuluhlaza (okusho ukuthi ukudlula kuvunyelwe) kanye nokukhanya okuphuzi (okusho isixwayiso). Kungahlukaniswa ngokukhanya kwezimpawu zemoto, ukukhanya kwesibonakaliso okungeyona imoto, ukukhanya kwesibonakaliso sokuwela, ukukhanya kwesibonakaliso somzila, ukukhanya kwesibonakaliso sesiqondiso, ukukhanya kwesibonakaliso sesilumkiso esikhanyayo, ukukhanya kwesibonakaliso somgwaqo kanye nomgwaqo wesitimela, njll. ngokwezinhlobo nezinhloso ezahlukene.
Ngokusho kocwaningo olujulile lwemakethe kanye nombiko wokubikezela isu lokutshalwa kwezimali embonini yezibani zesignali zezimoto zaseShayina kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2027 yi-China Research Institute of China Research&Development Co., Ltd.
Ngo-1968, iSivumelwano Sezizwe Ezihlangene Sokuhamba Emgwaqweni kanye Nezimpawu Zomgwaqo kanye Nezimpawu Zomgwaqo sachaza incazelo yezibani zezibonakaliso ezahlukahlukene. Ukukhanya okuluhlaza kuyisibonakaliso somgwaqo. Izimoto ezibheke ukukhanya okuluhlaza zingahamba ziqonde, zijike kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla, ngaphandle kokuthi olunye uphawu luvimbela ukujika okuthile. Izimoto ezijika kwesobunxele nakwesokudla kumele zinikeze kuqala izimoto ezishayela ngokusemthethweni endaweni yokuhlangana kanye nabahamba ngezinyawo abawela indawo yokungena. Ukukhanya okubomvu kuyisibonakaliso sokungahambi. Izimoto ezibheke ukukhanya okubomvu kumele zime ngemuva komugqa wokuma endaweni yokuhlangana. Ukukhanya okuphuzi kuyisibonakaliso sokuxwayisa. Izimoto ezibheke ukukhanya okuphuzi azikwazi ukuwela umugqa wokuma, kodwa zingangena endaweni yokuhlangana uma ziseduze kakhulu nomugqa wokuma futhi azikwazi ukuma ngokuphepha. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, leli lungiselelo liye laba yindawo yonke emhlabeni jikelele.
Isignali yethrafikhi ilawulwa kakhulu yi-microcontroller noma iprosesa ye-Linux ngaphakathi, kanti i-peripheral ifakwe i-serial port, i-network port, ukhiye, isikrini sokubonisa, ukukhanya kwenkomba kanye nezinye izixhumi. Kubonakala kungeyona inkimbinkimbi, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi indawo yayo yokusebenza inzima futhi idinga ukusebenza ngokuqhubekayo iminyaka eminingi, inezidingo eziphezulu zokuzinza komkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi. I-traffic light ingenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zesistimu yethrafikhi yanamuhla yasemadolobheni, esetshenziselwa ukulawula nokuphatha izimpawu zethrafikhi yasemadolobheni.
Ngokusho kwedatha, isibani sezimpawu zomgwaqo sokuqala eShayina kwakuyiBritish Concession eShanghai. Kusukela ngo-1923, iShanghai Public Concession yaqala ukusebenzisa amadivayisi emishini kwezinye izindawo zokuhlangana ukuze ifundise izimoto ukuthi zime futhi ziqhubekele phambili. Ngomhlaka-13 Ephreli 1923, izindawo ezimbili ezibalulekile zokuhlangana komgwaqo iNanjing Road zaqala ukufakwa izibani zezibonakaliso, ezazilawulwa ngesandla ngamaphoyisa omgwaqo.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2013, iShayina isebenzise iMigomo yakamuva mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwelayisensi yokushayela yezimoto. Ukuchazwa kwemigomo emisha yiminyango efanele kuveze ngokusobala ukuthi "ukuthatha isibani esiphuzi kuyisenzo sokwephula izibani zezimpawu zomgwaqo, futhi umshayeli uzohlawuliswa imali engaphezu kwama-yuan angu-20 kodwa ngaphansi kwama-yuan angu-200, futhi amaphuzu angu-6 azoqoshwa." Lapho imithetho emisha isiqalisiwe, yathinta imizwa yabashayeli bezimoto. Abashayeli abaningi bavame ukudideka lapho behlangana nezibani eziphuzi ezimpambanweni zemigwaqo. Izibani eziphuzi ezazivame ukuba "izikhumbuzo" kubashayeli manje sezibe "izingibe ezingekho emthethweni" abantu abesabayo.
Umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa kwezibani zomgwaqo ezihlakaniphile
Ngokuthuthuka kwe-Intanethi Yezinto, i-big data, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye nobuchwepheshe bolwazi, umnyango wezokuthutha uyaqaphela ukuthi ngokusebenzisa izindlela zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kuphela lapho izinkinga zethrafikhi ezikhulayo zingathuthukiswa khona. Ngakho-ke, ukuguqulwa "okuhlakaniphile" kwengqalasizinda yemigwaqo sekuyindlela ebalulekile yokuphathwa nokulawulwa kwethrafikhi yasemadolobheni, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo lokulawula izibani zesignali kuzoba nethuba elikhulu lokunciphisa ukuminyana kwethrafikhi. Ngaphansi kwesizinda sokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kobuchwepheshe bokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa, izibani zesignali zezimoto ezihlakaniphile ezisekelwe ekucutshungulweni kwezithombe kanye nezinhlelo ezifakiwe ziyavela njengoba izikhathi zidinga ukuhlelwa kwedijithali kanye nokutholwa kwedijithali kwezindawo nemishini yethrafikhi yomgwaqo. Ukuze kuxazululwe uhlelo lokulawula izibani zezimoto ezihlakaniphile, ikhambi elinikezwe uhlelo olufakiwe lwe-Feiling limi kanje: ekhabetheni lokulawula eceleni komgwaqo lensimu yokukhanya kwezibani zezimoto endaweni ngayinye yokuhlangana, isignali yezimoto ingaklanywa ngebhodi eliyinhloko le-ARM elifakiwe lohlelo olufakiwe lwe-Feiling.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-21-2022
