Umlando weisilawuli sesignali yethrafikhis ihlehlela emuva ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 lapho kwakunesidingo esicacile sendlela ehlelekile nephumelelayo yokuphatha ukuhamba kwethrafikhi. Njengoba inani lezimoto landa emgwaqeni, siyanda nesidingo sezinhlelo ezingalawula ngempumelelo ukuhamba kwezimoto ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo.
Izilawuli zokuqala zezimpawu zethrafikhi kwakuyimishini elula eyayisebenzisa uchungechunge lwamagiya nezinsimbi ukuze ilawule isikhathi sezimpawu zomgwaqo. Lezi zilawuli zakuqala zazisebenza mathupha izikhulu zomgwaqo, ezazishintsha isignali isuke ebomvu iye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokusekelwe ekuhambeni kwethrafikhi. Nakuba lesi simiso siyisinyathelo esiqonde endleleni efanele, asinakho ukushiyeka kwayo. Kokunye, kuncike kakhulu ekwahluleleni kwezikhulu zomgwaqo, ezingenza amaphutha noma zithonywe izici zangaphandle. Ukwengeza, isistimu ayikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezinguquko ekuhambeni kwethrafikhi usuku lonke.
Ngo-1920, isilawuli sokuqala esizenzakalelayo sezimpawu zethrafikhi sathuthukiswa ngempumelelo e-United States. Le nguqulo yakudala isebenzise uchungechunge lwezibali sikhathi ze-electromechanical ukulawula isikhathi samasignali omgwaqo. Nakuba kuwukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo phezu kwesistimu eyenziwa ngesandla, isakhawulelwe ekhonweni layo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezishintshayo zethrafikhi. Kwaze kwaba ngawo-1950 lapho kwasungulwa khona izilawuli zezimpawu zethrafikhi eziguquguquka ngempela. Lezi zilawuli zisebenzisa izinzwa ukuze zithole ukuba khona kwezimoto ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo futhi zilungise isikhathi samasignali omgwaqo ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kwenza isistimu iguquke kakhulu futhi iphendule futhi ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa kangcono nethrafikhi eguquguqukayo.
Izilawuli zezimpawu zethrafikhi ezisekelwe ku-Microprocessor zivele ngeminyaka yawo-1970, zithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kohlelo. Lezi zilawuli ziyakwazi ukucubungula nokuhlaziya idatha ye-intersection ngesikhathi sangempela, okuvumela ukuphathwa kokugeleza kwethrafikhi okunembe kakhudlwana nokusebenza kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayakwazi ukuxhumana nabanye abalawuli endaweni ukuze baxhumanise isikhathi sezimpawu zomgwaqo emhubheni.
Eminyakeni yamuva, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe iqhubekile nokuqhubekisela phambili amandla ezilawuli zezimpawu zomgwaqo. Ukuvela kwamadolobha ahlakaniphile kanye Ne-inthanethi Yezinto kugqugquzele ukuthuthukiswa kwezilawuli zezimpawu zethrafikhi ezinenethiwekhi ezikwazi ukuxhumana namanye amadivaysi nezinhlelo ezihlakaniphile. Lokhu kuvula amathuba amasha okuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwethrafikhi nokunciphisa ukuminyana, njengokusebenzisa idatha evela ezimotweni ezixhunyiwe ukuze kulungiselelwe isikhathi samasignali.
Namuhla, izilawuli zezimpawu zethrafikhi ziyingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zesimanje zokulawulwa kwethrafikhi. Zisiza ukugcina izimoto zihamba ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha, ukunciphisa ukuminyana, nokunciphisa ukungcoliswa komoya. Njengoba amadolobha eqhubeka nokukhula futhi eba amadolobha, ukubaluleka kwezilawuli zezimpawu zethrafikhi ezisebenza kahle kuzoqhubeka nokukhula.
Ngamafuphi, umlando wezilawuli zezimpawu zethrafikhi ungowokuqamba okusha njalo nokwenza ngcono. Kusukela kumishini elula ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kuya kuzilawuli ezixhumene eziphambili zanamuhla, ukuvela kwezilawuli zezimpawu zethrafikhi kuqhutshwa isidingo sokuphathwa kwethrafikhi okuphephile nokusebenza kahle. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuvela, silindele ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe kuzilawuli zezimpawu zethrafikhi okuzosiza ekudaleni amadolobha ahlakaniphile, azinzile ngokuzayo.
Uma uthanda amarobhothi, wamukelekile ukuthintana nomhlinzeki wesilawuli sethrafikhi u-Qixiang kuFunda kabanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-23-2024
