Izingalo zesigxobo sethrafikhiziyingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zokulawulwa kwethrafikhi, ezihlinzeka ngenkundla yokufaka izimpawu zomgwaqo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ziyabonakala kubashayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo. Idizayini yokuma yengalo yesignali yethrafikhi ibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle kwesignali yomgwaqo kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzisi bomgwaqo. Kulesi sihloko sizohlola izici okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uklama ukwakheka kwengalo yesiginali yethrafikhi kanye nezimiso zokuklama okuphumelelayo.
Kunezici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uklama umumo wengalo yesigxobo sesignali yomgwaqo. Lezi zici zihlanganisa ukubonakala, ubuqotho besakhiwo, ubuhle, nokusebenza. Ukuma kwengalo ye-lever kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukubonakala kwezimpawu zomgwaqo kubo bonke abasebenzisi bomgwaqo. Kufanele yakhelwe ukuqinisekisa ukubonakala okungavimbeki kuwo wonke ama-engeli namabanga, okuvumela abashayeli nabahamba ngezinyawo ukuthi babone ngokucacile isignali futhi basabele ngokufanele.
Ubuqotho besakhiwo kungenye into ecatshangelwayo ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwengalo yesiginali yethrafikhi. Ingalo ye-lever kufanele ibunjwe ukuze imelane nezici zemvelo ezifana nomoya, imvula, iqhwa, kanye nomthelela ongaba khona wezimoto noma ezinye izinto. Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuklanywa kwengalo ye-lever inikeza amandla okwanele nokuzinza ukusekela isisindo sesignali yethrafikhi futhi imelane namandla angaphandle ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukuphepha.
Ubuhle buphinde bubambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwezingalo zezimpawu zomgwaqo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nezakhiwe. Ukuma kwezingalo zezigxobo kufanele kuhambisane nendawo ezungezile kanye nengqalasizinda, kusize ukuthuthukisa ukukhanga okubonakalayo kwendawo yonke. Izingalo eziklanywe kahle zingathuthukisa ubuhle be-streetscape ngenkathi zifeza inhloso yazo yokusebenza.
Ukusebenza mhlawumbe kuyisici esibaluleke kakhulu somklamo wengalo yesiginali yethrafikhi. Izingalo ze-Lever kufanele zibunjwe ukuze kube lula ukufakwa nokugcinwa kahle kwamasignali omgwaqo. Kufanele inikeze ukufinyelela okulula kusiginali yokugcinwa nokulungiswa futhi inikeze inkundla yokufaka ephephile futhi ezinzile yesiginali.
Ukuze udizayine ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwengalo yesiginali yethrafikhi, kufanele kucatshangelwe imigomo elandelayo:
1. Ukubonakala: Umumo wengalo ye-lever kufanele udizayinelwe ukukhulisa ukubonakala kwesignali yethrafikhi kuyo yonke imibono efanelekile, okuhlanganisa leyo yabashayeli, abahamba ngezinyawo, nabahamba ngamabhayisikili. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukucabangela i-engeli nobude bengalo yesigxobo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukubuka akuvimbeli.
2. Ukumelana Nomoya: Ukwakheka kwengalo ye-boom kufanele kuklanywe ngendlela ezungezayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana nomoya futhi kuncishiswe amathuba okushwibeka noma ukuzulazula ezimeni ezinomoya. Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusimama kwezimpawu zomgwaqo kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabasebenzisi bomgwaqo.
3. Ukukhetha okubalulekile: Ukukhethwa kwempahla yengalo ye-lever kubalulekile ekunqumeni ukuma kwayo nobuqotho besakhiwo. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zikhethelwe amandla azo, ukuqina, nokumelana nokugqwala, kucatshangelwa izimo zemvelo nezinto ezingaba nomthelela.
4. I-Ergonomics: Idizayini yomumo yengalo ye-lever kufanele icabangele i-ergonomics yokufaka nokugcinwa. Kufanele inikeze ochwepheshe nabasebenzi abalungisayo ukufinyelela okulula kumasignali omgwaqo, okuvumela isevisi yesignali ephumelelayo nephephile.
5. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuhle: Ukuma kwengalo yesigxobo kufanele kuhlangane ngokuhambisana nendawo ezungezile, kucatshangelwa ukucatshangelwa kwezakhiwo kanye nemiklamo yedolobha. Kufanele ibe negalelo ekubumbaneni okubonakalayo nasekuhehekeni kwe-streetscape ngenkathi ifeza indima yayo yokusebenza.
Enqubweni yokuklama ukwakheka kwengalo yesigxobo sesignali yethrafikhi, amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okuklama namasu angasetshenziswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe umumo nokusebenza kwengalo. Isofthiwe ye-Computer-aid design (CAD) ingakha amamodeli e-3D anembile nezifaniso, okuvumela abaklami ukuthi babone ngeso lengqondo futhi bahlaziye izimo ezihlukene kanye nokucushwa kwezingalo ze-lever. I-Finite element analysis (FEA) ingase isetshenziselwe ukuhlola ubuqotho besakhiwo nokusebenza kwengalo ye-lever ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokulayisha, okusiza ukucwenga idizayini ukuze uthole amandla aphelele nokuzinza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-prototyping kanye nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba kungenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwakheka nokusebenza komumo wengalo yesigxobo. Ama-prototypes aphathekayo angenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukufakwa kwangempela, ukunakekelwa, kanye nokuziphatha kwesakhiwo, okuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile ekucwengisweni komklamo ngaphambi kokukhiqiza nokusetshenziswa kwezinga eligcwele.
Kafushane, idizayini yomumo wengalo yesignali yethrafikhi iyinqubo enezici eziningi edinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kokubonakala, ubuqotho besakhiwo, ubuhle, kanye nokusebenza. Ngokunamathela ezimisweni zedizayini ezisebenzayo nokusebenzisa amathuluzi edizayini ethuthukisiwe namasu, ukudizayina kwezingalo zesiginali yethrafikhi kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo nokuphepha kuyilapho kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokubonwa kwendawo yasemadolobheni. Izikhali eziklanywe kahle azigcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwezimpawu zomgwaqo kodwa futhi zifaka isandla ekuphepheni kukonke kanye nobuhle bengqalasizinda yezokuthutha.
Uma unentshisekelo ezigxotsheni zezimpawu zomgwaqo, wamukelekile ukuthintana ne-Qixiang kuFunda kabanzi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-12-2024
