Isibani esibomvu sithi "Yima", ukukhanya okuluhlaza "kuya", ukukhanya okuphuzi kuvuliwe "masinyane". Le ifomula yethrafikhi esasiyikhumbuza ngekhanda kusukela ebuntwaneni, kepha uyazi ukuthi kunganiUkukhanya okukhanyayo kwethrafikhiukhetha obomvu, ophuzi, futhi uluhlaza esikhundleni seminye imibala?
Umbala wezibani ezikhanyayo traffic
Siyazi ukuthi ukukhanya okubonakalayo kuyindlela yamagagasi e-electromagnetic, okuyingxenye ye-electromagnetic spectrum engabonwa yiso lomuntu. Ngenxa yamandla afanayo, isikhathi eside i-wavelength, mancane amathuba okuthi ahlakaze, futhi kukude. Amagagasi amagagasi e-electromagnetic amehlo ajwayelekile abantu angabona aphakathi kwama-400 no-760 nanometers, kanti ama-wavelengths okukhanya kwamaza ahlukile ahlukile. Phakathi kwazo, uhla lwe-wavenwethy lokukhanya okubomvu lungama-760 ~ 622 ama-nanometers; Uhla lwe-wavenweth olukhanyayo oluphuzi lungama-597 ~ 577 ama-nanometers; Uhla lwe-wavenweth oluhlaza oluhlaza lungama-577 ~ 492 ama-nanometers. Ngakho-ke, noma ngabe kungukukhanya kwethrafikhi eyindilinga noma isibani somcibisholo womcibisholo, kuzohlelwa izibani ezikhanyayo zethrafikhi ngokulandelana kokubomvu, ophuzi, nokuluhlaza. Okuphezulu noma kwesobunxele kufanele kube ukukhanya okubomvu, ngenkathi ukukhanya okuphuzi kuphakathi. Kunesizathu saleli lungiselelo - Uma ugesi ungazinzile noma ilanga liqine kakhulu, i-oda elinqunyelwe lezibani zesiginali kulula ukuthi umshayeli azohlonza, ukuze aqinisekise ukuphepha ngokushayela.
Umlando wezibani ezikhanyayo traffic
Izibani zokuqala zokuqhafaza kwethrafikhi zenzelwe izitimela hhayi izimoto. Ngoba i-Red ine-wavelength ende kunazo zonke ku-spectrum ebonakalayo, ingabonakala ibanga kakhulu kuneminye imibala. Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa njengokukhanya kwesiginali yethrafikhi yezitimela. Ngasikhathi sinye, ngenxa yezici zayo ezibamba iso, amasiko amaningi abheka abomvu njengesibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso sengozi.
Luhlaza okwesibili kungokwephuzi kuphela ku-spectrum ebonakalayo, okwenza kube umbala olula ukubona. Emalambeni wesiginali wesitimela asekuqaleni, okuluhlaza okwakufanekisela "ukuxwayisa" okuvela ekuqaleni, ngenkathi kungenamibala noma kumhlophe okumele "wonke amathrafikhi".
Ngokusho kwe- "Railway Signals", imibala yasekuqaleni yoqobo yezibani zesiginali yesitimela yayimhlophe, iluhlaza nobomvu. Isibani esiluhlaza sasayina isexwayiso, ukukhanya okumhlophe kwasayina ukuthi kuphephile ukuhamba, futhi ukukhanya okubomvu kusayiniswa nokulinda, njengoba kunjalo manje. Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, izibani ezinemibala yesiginali ebusuku zisobala kakhulu ngokumelene nezakhiwo ezimnyama, kanti amalambu amhlophe angahlanganiswa nanoma yini. Isibonelo, inyanga ejwayelekile, izibani, kanye namalambu amhlophe angahlanganiswa nakho. Kulokhu, umshayeli kungenzeka adale ingozi ngoba ngeke akwazi ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile.
Isikhathi sokuqamba sokukhanya kwesiginali ophuzi siphuze kakhulu, futhi umsunguli wawo uyisidina sase-Chinese huding. Izibani zokuqala zomgwaqo zazinemibala emibili, ebomvu futhi eluhlaza. Lapho i-HU ruding ibifunda e-United States eminyakeni yakhe yokuqala, yayihamba emgwaqweni. Lapho ukukhanya okuluhlaza kuvulwa, wayesezoqhubeka lapho kudlula imoto ephenduka kuye, wesabisa ngaphandle kwemoto. Emjuluko obandayo. Ngakho-ke, weza nomqondo wokusebenzisa ukukhanya kwesiginali ophuzi, okungukuthi, ophuzi ophuzi ophuzi ophuzi obonakalayo obonakalayo obonakalayo obomvu kuphela obomvu, futhi uhlale esimweni "sokuxwayisa" ukukhumbuza abantu ngengozi.
Ngo-1968, isivumelwano seZizwe Ezihlangene "ezingxenyeni zomgwaqo nezimpawu zomgwaqo kanye nezimpawu" zichaze okushiwo amalambu ahlukahlukene okukhanya kwethrafikhi. Phakathi kwazo, kusetshenziswa ukukhanya kwenkomba ephuzi njengesiginali yesexwayiso. Izimoto ezibhekene nokukhanya okuphuzi azikwazi ukuwela umugqa wokumisa, kepha lapho imoto isondele kakhulu emgqeni wokumisa futhi ayikwazi ukuma ngokuphepha ngesikhathi, ingangena ekuxhumaneni bese ingena. Kusukela lapho, lo mthethonqubo usetshenzisiwe emhlabeni wonke.
Lokhu okungenhla kungumbala nomlando wezibani ezikhanyayo traffic, uma unesifiso sokukhanya okukhanyayo kwethrafikhi, wamukelekile ukuxhumanaUmkhiqizi Wokukhanya Kokukhanya KwethrafikhiQixiang toFunda kabanzi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Mar-17-2023
